Intambwe 10 abapirote bakurikiza mbere yo kugurutsa no kururutsa indege

Waba warigeze utekereza kuba umuderevu(Umupirote) cyangwa ushaka gutwara indege? Birashoboka niba wiyemeje kugera ku inzozi zawe. Hamwe n’ubuhanga bukwiye n’amahugurwa akwiye, birashobora kuyobora indege nini ya Boeing.

Ushobora kwitoza nk’umupilote wabigize umwuga kandi wabiherewe uruhushya, cyangwa ugufata amasomo make yo kuguruka kugirango urebe niba Wabasha kuba uwabigize umwuga wigihe cyose. Birashoboka nanone ko waba udashaka kuba umuderevu ariko ukaba ufite amatsiko y’ukuntu indege bayihagurutsa kubutaka ikaguruka mu kirere.

Hari imfashanyigisho ndetse n'ibitabo byigisha gutwara indege, nubwo bisaba kuba ufite uburambe bufatika cg warigeze kwinjira mukigo cyigisha indege kugirango kigufashe guteza imbere ubushobozi bwawe bwo kuguruka.

Hano hari intambwe icumi zingenzi zuburyo bwo gutwara indege:

1.INSPECTION/Gukora ubugenzuzi.

Mbere yo guhagurutsa indege Abapilote babifitiye uruhushya kandi babigize umwuga bagomba kumenya ko indege imeze neza mbere yo kuyigurutsa. Bagomba kurangiza isuzuma ryuzuye rya sisitemu zose n’ubugenzuzi bw’ibintu bitandukanye, kwemeranyiriza hamwe n’ishami ry’abakanishi b’indege ko ntakibazo nakimwe cya tekiniki ifite , kugenzura ko ibikoresho by’ubutabazi bwihutirwa byuzuye no kwemeza impapuro zose n’ibitabo binyuranye.

2. FLIGHT CONTROL/Ubugenzuzi bukorerwa ahatwarirwa indege

Iyo umupirite yiteguye kuguruka, umuderevu afata intebe muri cockpit(aho abapirote bicara). Aha niho imbaraga zituma indege yaka na za sisitemu zose zikoresha indege zihurira.Nyuma y’uko rero umupirote amaze kwicara agenzura ibikoresho binyuranye bimufasha kuyobora indege niba birimo gukora neza. Aha twavuga ko agenzura ibikoresho bikurikira: Yoke (control stick), Rudder pedals, Throttle n’ibindi byose bigenzurwa neza kugirango bimenyekane ko byiteguye gukoreshwa.

3. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS/Gususuma Ibyuma bitanga amakuru

Ibikoresho by'indege bitanga amakuru kumudereva nabyo aba agomba kubigenzura kugirango abashe kumenya ko bikora neza. Muri ibyo bikoresho umuntu yavuga nka radiyo aba agomba gukoresha avugana n’abari kubutaka,Ibikoresho bitanga umuvuduko mwinshi,ibitanga ubushyuhe, ibikoresho bipima ubutumburuke bw’indege,ibipima ubwinshi n’umuvuduko umwuka(umuyaga) n’ibindi. Umuderevu akomeza kugenzura ibikoresho byose kugirango asome ko birimo kumuha ibisubizo bizima.

4.GUSUZUMA PEDALS

Iyi rudder pedalI  niyo igenzura cyane indege. Iyi pedal igomba kuba imeze neza kumunsi  indege iri bugurukireho kuko ariyo ifite ubugenzuzi bukuru n’ikoranabuhanga rituma indege igira uburinganire(Balance) mukirere kuva ihagurutse kugeza igeze aho yari igiye.

5.GUSUZUMA LANDING GEAR

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa indege igiye kugwa kubutaka bigomba kugenzurwa mbere yo guhaguruka. Ubu bugenzuzi burakenewe mbere yo guhaguruka kwindege, kugirango mugihe iraba igiye kururuka ikagwa kubutaka ntihaze kugira ibyangirika.

6. FLAP ADJUSTMENT

Umupilote amaze kwizera ko sisitemu zose nibikoresho byose bikora neza, noneho azakomeza kugirango ahindure flaps y’indege kugirango yongerwe mugihe cyo guhaguruka. Flap ikoreshwa mu gukoresha amababa y’indege.

7. COMMUNICATIONS

Iyo igenzura rirangiye, umuderevu agomba kuvugana n’abakozi bashinzwe kugenzura ikirere hamwe n’abakozi bashinzwe kugenzura ubutaka. Ni ukubera ko umuderevu asaba uruhushya rwo guhaguruka. Abakozi bashinzwe kugenzura bazaha umuderevu amakuru menshi agomba kumenyeshwa abakozi bashinzwe kugenzura ubutaka mbere yo guhabwa icyemezo cyo gukomeza inzira.

Umudereva amaze guhabwa uruhushya, atwara indege. Kuri ubu, umuderevu azakomeza guhabwa amabwiriza nabakozi bashinzwe kugenzura ubutaka. Umuderevu azayobora indege mu muhanda wabugenewe ayihe umuvuduko.

8. YOKE AND TAKEOFF

Kugirango bigende neza, indege igomba kugera kurwego runaka rwihuta kugirango amababa agire lift ihagije. Iyo flaps zimanutse, trottle igomba gusunikwa imbere  kugirango itange imbaraga. Nigihe indege itangiye ikomeza inzira. Niba indege itagenda kumurongo ugororotse, pedals irakoreshwa kugirango ikosore indege.

Iyo indege imaze kugera ku muvuduko uhagije , umuderevu azasubiza inyuma Yoke kugirango azamure indege mu kirere. Mbere yo guhaguruka, umuderevu agomba kumenyesha igenzura ry’indege ko afite indege yiteguye guhaguruka agategereza ko byemezwa kugirango yongere umuvuduko.

9. CRUISING SPEED

Kugenzura indege mu kirere ntabwo bigoye. Indege izagera ku burebure runaka n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Umudereva asuzuma ibyerekana kugirango indege igume hejuru.Umupirote iyo agejeje indege mu kirere ashobora guhitamo guha indege amabwiriza ubundi ikitwara yo ubwayo. Aha we agenda gusa areba ko ntakindi indege ikeneye.

Gusa kurundi ruhande umupirote na none ashobora guhitamo gukomeza kuyiyobora we ubwe.Gusa aho ikoranabuhanga rigeze,uburyo bwindege bwo kwitwara ifite bukora neza kuburyo aribwo abapirote benshi bakoresha.

10. LANDING/Kugwa ku kibuga

Kumanura indege k’ubutaka ni inzira igoye cyane kuko ikubiyemo kuyururutsa  no gucunga ikirere cyane. Mbere yo kugwa, umuderevu akora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo agenzurwe mu kirere.Aba agomba kuvugana n'abakozi b’ashinzwe indege basigaye hasi kubutaka kugirango ahabwe amakuru y’uko ibintu byifashe. Niba hari indege igiye guhaguruka cg kururuka mbere ye,byose barabimubwira kugirango hataza kubaho impanuka.

Ikindi umuntu yamenya nuko ibibuga byindege byose bitagira amabwiriza amwe.Hari aho bigusaba guhaguruka ari uko uhawe uburenganzira bwo guhaguruka,nibitagombera uburenganzira bwo guhaguruka. Igihe rero umupirote ari kukibuga kigenzurwa hari igice aba yemerewe gutwariramo kubutaka,ariko hari ikindi gice atemerewe kurenga ntaburenganzira ahawe.

Kuyobora indenge iri k'ubutaka bikorwa n'amaguru. Igihe umupirote ashatse gukata iburyo cg ibumoso hari ibyuma akandagiraho kugirango abashe gukata muri ibyo byerekezo.

ESE  BIRASHOBOKA KO UMUPIROTE YATWARA INDEGE ATAVUGANA NABAKOZI BAGENZURA INDEGE BARI KUBUTAKA?

Yego birashoboka.Indege ifite ikoranabuhanga rya GPS ikoresha kuburyo idashobora kuyoba.Umupirote ahagurutsa indege azi neza aho agiye kuburyo aba adakeneye umuntu wo kumuyobora. Mukirere harimo ibyo umuntu yakita imihanda,kuburyo rero iyo umupirote afashe umuhanda mukirere waho agiye niwo akomeza gukurikira kugeza agezeyo.

Umupirote ahamagara ari uko bibaye ngombwa akeneye kugira icyo abaza cyane cyane iyo agiye guhaguruka cg kururutsa indege. Naho ntago abari kubutaka aribo bayobora umupirote.

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